More questions than answers

THERE were many mysterious circumstances in the case that may have led that MI5 manager to believe there was some Israeli involvement. Despite the warnings and the widely held belief at the time that anti-Israeli attacks in Britain were likely, the considerable security at the embassy was easily circumvented and the surveillance cameras on the embassy building were allegedly not working, so no video recordings were made of the positioning of either car bomb. The officer employed at the embassy to watch the videos was actually removed from his post just after the bombings and was not available at the trial. It was also confirmed that Israeli teams had taken bomb crater and other samples and conducted their own tests and investigations. Yet nothing is known about who these people were, what they took or exactly what the results of their tests.

The bombings took place in crowded areas of London, one of them in the middle of the day, but there were no fatalities. It was also very fortunate that there were only a few people in the embassy at the time, indeed the Israeli Ambassador was out of the country. Well before the trial though, he felt able to congratulate the police on their arrest of the 'terrorists'. The security, a police presence, was actually taken off Balfour House an hour before that explosion, despite the likelihood of such an attack and despite the bombing of the Israeli Embassy earlier that day. There was a massive subsequent demand for funding from Jewish institutions in Britain from the government and the image of the Israelis as being victims under siege was reinforced, particularly important at that time as the massacre by a Jewish settler of Palestinians at prayer in Hebron had taken place only a few months earlier.

An Israeli journalist, openly hostile to the defendants, tried to contact one of the jurors in court but the judge took no action and allowed them both to stay for the rest of the trial.

Perhaps most oddly, no one seems concerned that the actual bombers have not been found. Neither Samar nor Jawad were ever accused of actually planting either of the bombs. The case against Mrs Nadia Zekra was so laughable that it was thrown out by the judge. Yet when Samar and Jawad revealed in their defence the identity of someone who was involved, Mr Rida Mughrabi, the authorities expressed no interest in tracking him down.

One of the defence's leading expert witnesses, the writer, historian and academic George Joffe, believes that the bombings were probably conducted by intelligence services on behalf of a government. Indeed they do have the hallmarks of a government-backed operation: efficient, reliable, untraceable. And newspaper reports at the time did describe it as a "precision job".

The fact that MI5 received warnings also suggests an intelligence tip-off, which indicates the involvement of a foreign government or international terrorist organisation. As Gareth Peirce said, "If one analyses the bombings of an embassy...who carries out these things...? Who is it? Who does it and on whose behalf?... informed observers would say that somewhere at the back of all this would usually be a government. Which government remains a question. There are substantial resources here. This is an operation of extraordinary audacity and amazing expertise. Those who perpetrated it achieved what they intended to do and left."

And still, no one knows who planted the bombs or even what explosive they used. Whatever explosive it was, where did it all come from? Where were those explosives prepared and made up into the two powerful car bombs? Where was it all stored? Who bought the Triumph? Where were the cars kept? Who is behind the 'Jaffa Team' of the 'Palestinian Resistance'? Who is Rida Mughrabi? And why were those bombings carried out?

Of course, the one group who did not benefit from the explosions were the Palestinians.